Acceleration requires AFR of up to 12:1, while cruising requires levels as low as 22:1. This is important for calculating the amount of fuel to add to achieve the proper air-fuel ration (AFR), Ideal AFR is 14.7:1 (14.7 lb of air to 1.0 lb. Mass air flow sensors measure the air mass flowing into the engine intake. Both outputs are sent to the engine control module to help regulate air-fuel mixture in the car’s automatic transmission system. Digital sensors send a frequency output, while analog mass air flow sensors produce a variable voltage output. However, there are various types of air flow sensors and all require different maintenance. In some cars, the intake air temperature (IAT) sensor is built into the mass air flow sensor. It is located between the air filter and the engine’s intake manifold. The mass air flow sensor (MAF) is a key component of the electronic fuel injection system in a car.
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