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EndNote Desktop is generally more suitable than EndNote Online for research postgraduates and staff. A new Pd-Ru composite membrane had the same features and permeation behavior as a previous one, indicating that electroless plating of both Ru and Pd is reliable and repeatable.The EndNote Desktop support pagecontains information for users of the the desktop version of EndNote. Hydrogen diffusion through the Pd-Ru membrane was found to be the rate-controlling step in permeation. Helium leakage and hydrogen permeation tests confirmed that the membrane was free of defects. A 7.6 µm thick Pd-Ru membrane could be fabricated by electroless plating with a palladium (Pd) layer overlying the PSS substrate and a Ru layer overlying the Pd layer. Based on the optimized procedure, a Ru layer was deposited by electroless plating of Ru onto the surface of pretreated aluminum-oxide modified PSS substrate. Relationships among plating rate, plating time, plating bath temperature and concentrations were also investigated. TGA, SEM, EDX and XRD confirmed the successful deposition of Ru. It is proven that Ru can be deposited directly on these substrates by the bath at a temperature of 328 K and strong alkaline environment.

A novel complexing plating bath of Ru was developed. This paper focused on a novel method of electroless plating ruthenium (Ru) on solid or porous substrates like porous stainless steel (PSS) discs or ceramic tubes.
